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Morality--SilaAdherence to moral guidelines--precepts--is an essential protection from causing suffering to oneself and to others. While these guidelines define a code of discipline, the virtues that bring about moral behavior can also be cultivated with the practice of a culture of the heart. There are 5 basic precepts that Buddhist practitioners undertake (Monks and Nuns undertake many more). A modern analysis of these precepts is offered by the Vietnamese monk Venerable Thich Nhat Hanh. They are:
In the context of the Eightfold path, these 5 precepts imply: Right SpeechRight Speech means to tell the truth and speak appropriately in accordance with the 4th precept. Specifically, it implies abstaining from
Right ActionRight actions are the the actions that are consistent with precepts 1,2,3 and 5. They include actions that show reverence for life, generosity and restraint in sexual conduct. Right LivelihoodRight livelihood means that one should earn a living that allows the 5 precepts to flourish. Dealing in arms, drugs or violence; exploitation of others and profiteering cannot be conducive to the moral life.
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